add Rational

.idea/encodings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="Encoding">
+    <file url="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/src/main/java" charset="UTF-8" />
+    <file url="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/src/main/resources" charset="UTF-8" />
+  </component>
+</project>

src/main/java/MathMethods/Rational.java

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package MathMethods;
+
+public class Rational {
+    private int numerator;
+    private int denominator;
+
+    // Constructor
+    public Rational(int numerator, int denominator) {
+        if (denominator == 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Denominator cannot be zero");
+        }
+        this.numerator = numerator;
+        this.denominator = denominator;
+        simplify();
+    }
+
+    // GCD helper for simplification
+    private int gcd(int a, int b) {
+        a = Math.abs(a);
+        b = Math.abs(b);
+        while (b != 0) {
+            int temp = b;
+            b = a % b;
+            a = temp;
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+    // Simplify the fraction
+    private void simplify() {
+        int gcd = gcd(numerator, denominator);
+        numerator /= gcd;
+        denominator /= gcd;
+
+        // Keep denominator positive
+        if (denominator < 0) {
+            numerator = -numerator;
+            denominator = -denominator;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ✅ COMPLETED - Instance method: this + other
+    public Rational add(Rational other) {
+        int newNumerator = this.numerator * other.denominator + other.numerator * this.denominator;
+        int newDenominator = this.denominator * other.denominator;
+        return new Rational(newNumerator, newDenominator);
+    }
+
+    // ✅ COMPLETED - Static method: r1 + r2
+    public static Rational add(Rational r1, Rational r2) {
+        return r1.add(r2);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Instance method - this - other
+    // Formula: a/b - c/d = (a*d - c*b) / (b*d)
+    public Rational subtract(Rational other) {
+        // YOUR CODE HERE
+        return null; // Remove this line when implemented
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Static method - r1 - r2
+    public static Rational subtract(Rational r1, Rational r2) {
+        // YOUR CODE HERE
+        return null; // Remove this line when implemented
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Instance method - this * other
+    // Formula: (a/b) * (c/d) = (a*c) / (b*d)
+    public Rational multiply(Rational other) {
+        // YOUR CODE HERE
+        return null; // Remove this line when implemented
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Static method - r1 * r2
+    public static Rational multiply(Rational r1, Rational r2) {
+        // YOUR CODE HERE
+        return null; // Remove this line when implemented
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Instance method - this / other
+    // Formula: (a/b) ÷ (c/d) = (a*d) / (b*c)
+    public Rational divide(Rational other) {
+        // YOUR CODE HERE
+        // HINT: Division is multiplication by reciprocal
+        // Don't forget to check if other.numerator is zero!
+        return null; // Remove this line when implemented
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Static method - r1 / r2
+    public static Rational divide(Rational r1, Rational r2) {
+        // YOUR CODE HERE
+        return null; // Remove this line when implemented
+    }
+
+    // ✅ PROVIDED - String representation
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        if (denominator == 1) {
+            return numerator + "";
+        }
+        return numerator + "/" + denominator;
+    }
+
+    // ✅ PROVIDED - Decimal value
+    public double toDouble() {
+        return (double) numerator / denominator;
+    }
+}