# Report

## 1. start() vs run()

Output:

```text
Calling run()
Running in: main
Calling start()
Running in: Thread-2
```

When `run()` is called directly, it runs like a normal method, so it is executed by the main thread.

When `start()` is called, Java creates a new thread, and then the `run()` method runs inside that new thread. That is why the second output shows `Thread-2`.

So, `run()` does not start a new thread, but `start()` does.

---


## 2. Daemon Threads

The output is not always the same. The main thread prints:

```text
Main thread ends.
```

and then finishes. Since the created thread is marked as a daemon thread using `setDaemon(true)`, the JVM does not wait for it to complete. As a result, the program may stop before the daemon thread finishes all 20 iterations. Depending on the scheduling, the message

```text
Daemon thread running...
```

may appear a few times or may not appear at all.

If `setDaemon(true)` is removed, the thread becomes a normal user thread. In that case, the JVM waits for the thread to finish, and the message

```text
Daemon thread running...
```

will be printed 20 times before the program exits.

Daemon threads are commonly used for background tasks such as logging, monitoring, and cleanup operations.




## 3. A shorter way to create threads

Output:

```text
Thread is running using a ...!
```

The syntax `() -> { ... }` is called a lambda expression.

It is a shorter way to write a `Runnable`. Instead of creating a separate class or anonymous class, we write the thread task directly inside the `Thread` constructor.

This makes the code shorter and easier to read.