Change algorithm of intPartitions method (recursive solution)

src/main/java/MainExercises.java

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
 
 public class MainExercises
 {
@@ -150,64 +151,39 @@ public class MainExercises
 
     public int[][] intPartitions(int n) {
 
-        if(n == 1){
-            return new int[][]{{1}};
+        List<List<Integer>> allPartitions = new ArrayList<>();
+        ArrayList<Integer> current = new ArrayList<>();
+        generatePartition(n, n, current, allPartitions);
+
+        // converting ArrayList of ArrayLists into a 2d array
+        int[][] result = new int[allPartitions.size()][];
+        for (int i = 0; i < allPartitions.size(); i++) {
+            List<Integer> sublist = allPartitions.get(i);
+            result[i] = new int[sublist.size()];
+            for (int j = 0; j < sublist.size(); j++) {
+                result[i][j] = sublist.get(j);
+            }
         }
         
-        ArrayList<int[]> result = new ArrayList<>();
-        int[] current = new int[n]; // current partition, to be built
-
-        // we use stack arrays to have the situation saved.
-        int[] remainingStack = new int[n*n]; // remaining value, to be added
-//        int[] maxValueStack = new int[n*n]; // maximum number we can use, to prevent repeating partitions
-        int[] nextTryStack = new int[n*n]; // the next number we try
-        int[] lenStack = new int[n*n]; // length of current partition, gives us the next index in current
-        int head = 0; // works like a pointer, it makes stack arrays make sense.
-
-        remainingStack[0] = n;
-//        maxValueStack[0] = n;
-        nextTryStack[0] = n;
-        lenStack[0] = 0;
-
-        while(head >= 0){
-            int remaining = remainingStack[head];
-//            int maxValue = maxValueStack[head];
-            int nextTry = nextTryStack[head];
-            int partitionLen = lenStack[head];
-
-            if(remaining == 0){ // partition has been completed
-                //
-                int[] partition = new int[partitionLen];
-                System.arraycopy(current, 0, partition, 0, partitionLen);
-                result.add(partition);
-                head--;
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if(nextTry <= 0){ // no choices left
-                head--;
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            int chosen = nextTry;
-            nextTryStack[head] = chosen - 1; // next value to be tried
-            current[partitionLen] = chosen; // adding selected number
-
-            // generating next number for the partition
-            head++;
-            remainingStack[head] = remaining - chosen;
-//            maxValueStack[head] = chosen;
-            nextTryStack[head] = Math.min(chosen, remaining - chosen);
-            lenStack[head] = partitionLen + 1;
+        return result;
 
     }
 
-        int[][] output = new int[result.size()][];
-        for(int i = 0; i < result.size(); i++){
-            output[i] = result.get(i);
+    private void generatePartition(int remaining, int maxValue, List<Integer> currentPartition, List<List<Integer>> allPartitions){
+        if(remaining == 0){
+            allPartitions.add(new ArrayList<>(currentPartition));
+            return ;
         }
 
-        return output;
+        for (int i = Math.min(maxValue, remaining); i >= 1; i--){ // preventing choosing the bigger number between maxValue and remaining, this way repeating partitions
+            currentPartition.add(i);
+            generatePartition(remaining - i, i, currentPartition, allPartitions);
+
+            currentPartition.removeLast(); /*
+                                                after the recursive call returns. we need to undo adding i.
+                                                this way we can try adding i again. ( remaining may not be 0 yet)
+                                            */
+        }
 
     }